LTE>>> Overview of the 3GPP Long Term Evolution

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next step forward in cellular 3G services. Expected in the 2008 time frame, LTE is a3GPP standard that provides for an uplink speed of up to 50 megabits per second (Mbps) and a downlink speed of up to 100 Mbps. LTE will bring many technical benefits to cellular networks. Bandwidth will be scalable from 1.25 MHz to 20MHz. This will suit the needs of different network operators that have different bandwidth allocations, and also allow operators to provide different services based on spectrum. LTE is also expected to improve spectral efficiency in 3G networks, allowing carriers to provide more data and voice services over a given bandwidth.


The 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) represents a major advance in cellular technology. LTE is designed to meet carrier needs for high-speed data and media transport as well as high-capacity voice support well into the next decade.


It encompasses high-speed data, multimedia unicast and multimedia broadcast services. Although technical specifications are not yet finalized, significant details are emerging.



This paper focuses on the LTE physical layer PHY. The LTE PHY is a highly efficient means of conveying both data and control information between an enhanced base
station (eNodeB) and mobile user equipment (UE). The LTE PHY employs some advanced technologies that are new to cellular applications. These include Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)data transmission. In addition, the LTE PHY uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access(OFDMA) on the downlink (DL) and Single Carrier – Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) on the uplink (UL)).OFDMA allows data to be directed to or from multiple users on a subcarrier-by-subcarrier basis for a specified numberof symbol periods.


Although the LTE specs describe both Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) and Time Division Duplexing (TDD) to separate UL and DL traffic, market preferences dictate that the majority of deployed systems will be FDD.


Many methods employed in LTE are relatively new in cellular applications. These include OFDM, OFDMA,MIMO and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA)


LTE employs OFDM for downlink data transmission and SC-FDMA for uplink transmission. OFDM is a well-known
modulation technique, but is rather novel in cellular applications